Bilingual Sage Wisdom 圣贤智慧|孟子 仁政之⑦:邹穆公问政于孟子
圣贤智慧 | 2024-06-14 16:29:24原创
来源:齐鲁晚报·齐鲁壹点客户端
记者 王娟 王晓莹 绘画 徐进 实习生 郭致岐
邹与鲁哄。穆公问曰:“吾有司死者三十三人,而民莫之死也。诛之,则不可胜诛;不诛,则疾视其长上之死而不救,如之何则可也?”
孟子对曰:“凶年饥岁,君之民老弱转乎沟壑,壮者散而之四方者,几千人矣;而君之仓廪实,府库充,有司莫以告,是上慢而残下也。曾子曰:‘戒之戒之!出乎尔者,反乎尔者也。’夫民今而后得反之也。君无尤焉。君行仁政,斯民亲其上,死其长矣。”
(出自《孟子·梁惠王下》)
译文:
邹国与鲁国发生了战争。邹穆公问:“我手下官员战死了三十三人,而百姓却没有人为保护他们而死。把百姓杀掉吧,人数又太多了;不杀吧,我实在痛恨这些眼看着他们的长官战死而不去救助的人。该怎么处分他们才合适呢?”
孟子回答:“遇到灾荒年岁,您的百姓中,老弱病残的只有横尸山谷沟渠中,身体强壮些的便四处逃荒,几乎有上千人吧!而您的仓库里堆满了粮食和布匹,您属下官吏不能把百姓的苦难向您汇报以便解除,这就是对上隐瞒不报,对下残害百姓啊!曾子说:‘一定要当心啊!你怎么对待别人,同样的待遇还会降临到你自己身上。’您的百姓就在这次回报了他们的长官。所以希望您不要再责怪他们了。统治者施行仁政,那么百姓自然亲近上级,愿为长者献身。”
There had been a brush between Zou and Lu, when the duke Mu asked Mencius, saying, “Of my officers there were killed thirty-three men, and none of the people would die in their defence. Though I sentenced them to death for their conduct, it is impossible to put such a multitude to death. If I do not put them to death, then there is the crime unpunished of their looking angrily on at the death of their officers, and not saving them. How is the exigency of the case to be met?”
Mencius replied, “In calamitous years and years of famine, the old and weak of your people, who have been found lying in the ditches and water-channels, and the able-bodied who have been scattered about to the four quarters, have amounted to several thousands. All the while, your granaries, O prince, have been stored with grain, and your treasuries and arsenals have been full, and not one of your officers has told you of the distress. Thus negligent have the superiors in your State been, and cruel to their inferiors. The philosopher Zeng said, ‘Beware, beware. What proceeds from you, will return to you again.’ Now at length the people have paid back the conduct of their officers to them. Do not you, O prince, blame them. If you will put in practice a benevolent government, this people will love you and all above them, and will die for their officers.”
责任编辑:王晓莹